Jurnal Ilmu Keperawatan dan Kebidanan
PENGARUH PAPARAN ASAP ROKOK TERHADAP KADAR ZINK DAN KORTISOL PADA TIKUS PUTIH HAMIL (RATTUS NORVEGICUS)
Abstract
Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian Eksperimen dengan desain penelitian post test only control group design Penelitian dilakukan di lab farmasi unand, pada bulan Juni sampai dengan agustus 2018. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan simple random sampling (acak sederhana), Jumlah sampel sebanyak 28 ekor dibagi menjadi 4 kelompok, kelompok 1 sebagai kontrol penelitian, kelompok 2 diberikan perlakuan 1 batang rokok, kelompok 3 diberikan perlakuan 2 batang rokok dan kelompok 4 diberikan perlakuan 3 batang rokok. Pemeriksaan kadar zink dan kadar kortisol dilakukan di Laboratorium Biomedik Universitas Andalas Padang dengan metode ELISA. Tidak terdapat perbedaan bermakna antara paparan rokok dengan kadar zink (p= 0.32) maka, (p > 0,05). Dan tidak terdapat perbedaan paparan asap rokok dengan rerata kadar kortisol (p = 0,146) maka, ( p > 0,05).
Kata Kunci: asap rokok, zink, kortisol
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Alharbi, I. 2015. Study the effects of cigarette smoke on gingival epithelial cell growth and the expression of keratins. Thesis. Universite Laval. Canada.
Ashare, RL. Kimmey, BA. Rupprecht, LE. Bowers, ME and Schmidt, HD. 2016. Repeated administration of an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor attenuates nicotine taking in rats and smoking behavior in human smokers. Transl Psychiatry. doi:10.1038/tp.2015.209.
Bolten, MI. Wurmser, H. Buske-Kirschbaum, A. Papousek, M. Pirke, K. Hellmmer, D. 2010. Cortisol levels in pregnancy as a psychobiological predictor for birth weight Cortisol levels in pregnancy as a psychobiological predictor for birth weight. Article in Archives of Women s Mental Health. DOI: 10.1007/s00737-010-0183-1.
CDC. 2016. E-Cigarette Use Among Youth and Young Adults: A Report of the Surgeon General. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services
Costenbader, KH and Karlson, EW. 2006. Cigarette smoking and autoimmune disease. Lupus-juornal. Vol. 15. pp. 737-745.
Coleman, BN. Apelberg, BJ. Ambrose, BK. Green, KM. Choiniere, CJ. Bunnell, R. King, BA. 2014. Association Between Electronic Cigarette Use and Openness to Cigarette Smoking Among US Young Adults : Nicotine & Tobacco Research 2015. pp. 212-218. doi:10.1093/ntr/ntu211
CAPC, 2010. Smoking and Lung Cancer in Canada. 1 University Avenue. Canada.
CRU. 2012. Cancer Stats Key Facts lung cancer and smoking. Cancer Research UK.
Das, M. and Das, R. 2012. Need of education and awareness towards zinc supplementation. International journal of Nutrition and Metabolism. Vol. 4. No. 3. pp. 45-50.
Damasceno, DC. Sinzato, YK. Lima, PH. De Souza, MS. Campos, KE. Dallaqua, B. Calderon, IM. et al 2011. Effects of exposure to cigarette smoke prior to pregnancy in diabetic rats. Diabetology and metabolic syndrome journal. Vol. 3. No. 1. pp. 20.
Dahlan, MS. 2011. Statistik untuk kedokteran dan kesehatan. Salemba Medika : Jakarta.
Dipietro, JA. 2012. Maternal Stress in Pregnancy : Considerations for Fetal Development. Journal of adolescent health. Vol. 51. pp. 3-8.
Dwyer-Lindgren, L. Mokdad, AH. Srebotnjak, T. Flaxman, AD. Hansen, GM and Murray, CJ. 2014. Cigarette smoking prevalence in US counties :1996-2012. Population Health Metrics journal. Vol. 12. No. 1. pp. 5.
Eveline P, CT. Esch, EV. And Flik, G. 2002. Pregnancy Dating in the Rat: Placental Morphology and Maternal Blood Parameters. Toxicologic pathology journal. Vol 30. No 2. pp. 271–282.
Islami, F. Stoklosa, M. Drope, J. Jemal, A. 2014. Global and Regional Patterns of Tobacco Smoking and Tobacco Control Policies. Journal homepage europea nurology. pp. 3 – 1 6
Schachinger, H. Meyer, J. 2010. Stress and the brain : The brain as a coordinator and target of the human stress response. Dissertation. Universitat Trier.
Hassanin, SH. Khali, FA. Abd-Elaziz A, MS and El-Sobhy, HE. 1994. Change in some physiological parameter of albino rats at diferent ambient temperatures. Journal International Animal Production Departement. Vol. 7. No. 4. pp. 471-474.
Halliwell, B. 2009. The Wandering of a Free Radical. Journal of Elsevier.
Hecker, M. Newsted, JL. Murphy, MB. Higley, EB. Jones, PD. Wu, R. et al. 2006. Human adrenocarcinoma ( H295R ) cells for rapid in vitro determination of effects on steroidogenesis : Hormone Production. Journal of Elsevier. Vol. 217. pp. 114-124.
Yanagisawa, H. 2004. Zinc Deficiency and Clinical Practice. Associate Professor, Department of Hygiene and Preventive Medicine, Saitama Medical School Journal. Vol. 47. No. 8. pp. 359-364.
Muller, JS. Antunes, M. Behle, I. Teixeria, L. Zielinsky, P. 2002. Acute Effects of Maternal Smoking on Fetal-Placental- Maternal System Hemodynamics. Journal of Arq Bras Cardiol. Vol. 78. pp. 152-155.
Jhonson, PE. 2000. zinc absorption and exceretion in human and animals. Journal of agricultural research service grand forks human nutrition. Vol. 9. pp. 103-131.
SEATCA. 2008. Smoking In Girls and Young Women in Indonesia. Koalisi untuk Indonesia sehat (KuIS). Jakarta.
Kar, K and Bhattyacharya, G. 2013. Study of Zinc in Cirrhosis of Liver. Journal of Indian Medical gazette. pp. 74-78.
Li, X. Xiang, X. Hu, J. Goswani, R. Yang, S. Zhang, A. et al. 2016. Association Between Serum Cortisol and Chronic Kidney Disease in Patients with Essential Hypertension. Journal Of Kidney & Blood Pressure research. Vol. 41. pp. 348-391.
Lee, PN. Forey, BA. Coombs, KJ. 2012. Systematic review with meta-analysis of the epidemiological evidence in the 1900s relating smoking to lung cancer. Research article BMC cancer. Vol. 12. pp. 385.
Levy, RJ. 2016. Carbon Monoxide Pollution and Neurodevelopment: A Public Health Concern. Journal of Neurotoxicol Teratol. Vol. 49. pp. 31–40.
Lin, S. Fonteno, S. Weng, J and Talbot, P. 2010. Comparison of the Toxicity of Smoke from Conventional and Harm Reduction Cigarettes Using Human Embryonic Stem Cells. Journal of Toxcicological science. Vol. 118. No. 1. pp. 202-212. doi:10.1093/toxsci/kfq241.
Manoranjan, S. D’Souza and Athina Markou. 2013. The “Stop” and “Go” of Nicotine Dependence: Role of GABA and Glutamate. Journal of Cold spring harb perspect med. doi: 10.1101/cshperspect.a012146.
Meinlschmidt, G. Martin, C. Neumann, ID. Heinrichs, M. 2009. Maternal cortisol in late pregnancy and hypothalamic – pituitary – adrenal reactivity to psychosocial stress postpartum in women. Journal of Stress. Vol. 13. No. 2. pp. 163-171. doi: 10.3109/10253890903128632.
Morrison, NA. 2013. RU486 Reversal of Cortisol Repression of 1 , 25-Dihydroxyvitamin D 3 Induction of the Human Osteocalcin Promoter. Journal of Endocrine and Metabolic Disease. No. 3. pp. 55-62. doi.org/10.4236/ojemd.2013.31009.
Myers, SA, Nield, A. and Myers, M. 2012. Zinc Transporters , Mechanisms of Action and Therapeutic Utility : Implications for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Journal of nutrition and metabolism. pp. 13. doi.10.1155/2012
MOH. 2006. Food and Nutrition Guidelines for Healthy Pregnant and Breastfeeding Women. Ministry of health. Wellington. New Zealand.
Oliveira, AO, Fileto, C, and Melis, MS. 2004. Effect of strenuous maternal exercise before and during pregnancy on rat progeny renal function. Brazilian journal of medical and biological research. Vol. 37. No. 6. pp. 907-911
Ohlsson, Å. 2010. Steroidogenesis Studied in a Human Adrenocortical Cell Line ! Effects of Single Chemicals and Mixtures. Disertation. Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences. Uppsala.
Geiss, O and Kotzias, D. 2007. Tobacco, Cigarettes and Cigarette Smoke. Journal of EUR-scientific & technical research series. Vol. 73. pp. 21. ISSN 1018-5593.
Ren, X. McHale, CM. Skibola, CF. Smith, AH. Smith, MT and Zhang, L. 2011. Review An Emerging Role for Epigenetic Dysregulation in Arsenic Toxicity and Carcinogenesis. Journal of environmental health perspective. Vol. 119. No. 1.
Rose, JE. 2014. Reinforcing Effects of Nicotine and Non-Nicotine Components of Cigarette Smoke. Journal of Psychopharmacology. Vol. 210. No. 1. pp. 1-12. doi:10.1007/s00213-010-1810-2.
Rafalo, A. Sowa-Kucma, M. Pochwat, B. Nowak, G and Szewczyk, B. 2016. Zinc Deficiency and Depression. Journal of world’s largest science tecnology & medicine. doi.org/10.5772/63210
Sastroasmoro, S. 2011. Dasar-dasar Metodologi Penelitian Klinis. Jakarta : Sagung Seto.
Sanderson, TH. 2017. The Steroid Hormone Biosynthesis Pathway as a Target for Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals. Journal of toxicological science. Vol. 94. No. 1. pp. 3-21. doi.10.1093/toxsci/kfl05.
Sandman, CA. Glynn, L. Schetter, CD. Wadhwa, P. Garite, T. Chicz-DeMet, A. et al. 2006. Elevated maternal cortisol early in pregnancy predicts third trimester levels of placental corticotropin releasing hormone ( CRH ): Priming the placental clock. Journal of Elsevier. Vol. 26. pp. 1457-1463.
Scheidweiler, KB. MArrone, GF. Shakleya, DM. Singleton, EG. Heishman, SJ and Huestis, MA. 2011. Oral Fluid nicotine markers to assess smoking status and recency of use : Published in final edited form as: Ther Drug Monit. 2011 October. Vol. 33. No. 5. pp. 609 – 618. doi:10.1097/FTD.0b013e3182.
Shihadeh, A. Schubert, J. Klaiany, J. Sabban, ME. Luch, A. Saliba, NA. 2015. Toxicant content , physical properties and biological activity of waterpipe tobacco smoke and its tobacco-free alternatives. Journal of Elsevier.Vol. 24. pp. 22-30. doi. 10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2014-051907.
Sabolic, 2011. physiological , pharmacological and toxicological studies in humans. Journal of periodicum biologorum. Vol. 113. No. 1. pp. 7-16.
Sharma, M and Mishra, S. 2013. Effect of Zinc deficiency on Growth and Morbidity in infants. IOSR Journal of Nursing and Health Science (IOSR-JNHS) e-ISSN: 2320–1959.p- ISSN: 2320–1940 Volume 1, Issue 6 (Jul – Aug 2013). pp 22-25.
Severi, C. Hambidge, M. Krebs, N. Alonso, R. and Atalah, E. 2013. Zinc in plasma and breast milk in adolescents and adults in pregnancy and pospartum ; a cohort study in Uruguay. Journal of Nutrition hospitalaria. Vol. 28. No. 1. pp. 223-228. doi.10.3305/nh.2013.28.1.6258.
Sadeghzadeh, B. 2013. A review of zinc nutrition and plant breeding. Journal of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition. Vol. 13. No. 4. pp. 905-927.
Sobus, SL and Warren, GW. 2014. The Effects of Cigarette Smoke on Cancer Cells. Ournal of Pharmacol Clin Toxicol. Vol. 2. No.1. pp. 1020.
Sugiyono. 2013. Statistik Untuk Penelitian. Bandung : Tarsito.
Terrin, G. Canani, RB. Chiara, MD. Pietravalle, A. Aleandri, V. Conte, F et al 2015. Zinc in Early Life : A Key Element in the Fetus and Preterm Neonate. Journal of nutrients. Vol. 7. pp. 10427-10446. doi. 10.3390/nu712554.
Ventura, T. Gomes, MC. Carreira, T. 2012. Cortisol and anxiety response to a relaxing intervention on pregnant women awaiting amniocentesis. Journal of Elsevier. Vol. 37. pp. 148-156. doi.10.1016/j.psyneuen.2011.05.016
De Souza Vale, RG. Rosa, G. Jose, R. Junior, N. and. Martin Dantas, EH. 2012. Cortisol and physical exercise. Journal of research gate. doi.org/10.15446/rsap.v16n5.40161.
Xing, Y. Edwards, MA. Ahlem, C. Kennedy, M. Cohen, A. Gomez-Sanchez, CE. et al. 2011. The effects of ACTH on steroid metabolomic profiles in human adrenal cells. Journal of endocrinology. Vol. 209. pp. 327-335. doi. 10.1530/JOE-10-0493.
Maret, W. 2013. Zinc Biochemistry : From a Single Zinc Enzyme to a Key Element of Life. Journal of American cociety for nutrition. doi. 10.3945/an.112.003038.
WHO. 2007. Managing Complications in Pregnancy and Childbirth. Department of Reproductive Health and Research. China.
Whitworth, JA. Williamson, PM. Mangos, G. Kelly, JJ. 2005. Cardiovascular consequences of cortisol excess. Journal of Australian national university. Vol. 1. No. 4. pp. 291-299.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.26751/jikk.v10i1.582
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
Universitas Muhammadiyah Kudus - LPPM Universitas Muhammadiyah Kudus
Jl. Ganesha 1 Purwosari Kudus 59316
Tel/ Fax +62-291-437218 Email : [email protected]
Jurnal Ilmu Keperawatan dan Kebidanan Indexed by:
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.